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When can I "what if?"

You can use "what if" at the beginning of a question to propose a hypothetical situation. For example, when you're not sure what the outcome of something will be, if you think about different alternatives in the past, or to consider different possibilities. Ex: What if we hadn't come on vacation? We'd probably be bored at home. Ex: What if she wants the red dress instead of the yellow one? Ex: What if a customer complains? What do we do then?

Why would he say this? Is it a common expression?

No, this is not a common expression. However, he says this here because it is common for people to have a "wish" on their birthday. Usually this is when someone gets a cake and the cake has candles on it. Before blowing out the candles, it is tradition to "make a wish". So he says that he is going to give him his wishes here since it is his birthday and he gets a wish.

Is "how you doin' " same as "how are you doing"?

Yes, "how you doin' " here is the same thing as "how are you doing", it is just shortened for convenience. In spoken English, the contracted forms of phrases are commonly said more often than the full forms. So "how are you doing" in spoken English is normally said as "how're you doing", or if you are speaking more informally, it may be "how're you doin' " or "how you doin' ".

Does the adults also use the word "dude"?

Yes, "dude" can be used by all ages. It is a very casual slang form so it is usually used amongst friends, same-aged people, or people you are very familiar with. It is typically used as a greeting or placeholder for the name of a male, but recently it is being used for women as well. Ex: Dude, how's the new job going? Ex: Dude, is that my dress you're wearing?

What does "lumping yell at me"? Is "lumping" an emphasisis?

"Lumping" is a word used for emphasis that was created by this show. It is not a standard English term. "Lumping" here means something similar to a swear word, like "freaking".